Instructions:This program computes electronegativities. Input the symbol of an atom from Li...Mn. With the model of G.E. Kimball the energy minimum of the closed shell of resp. He, Ne or Ar is first computed for the Z value of the selected atom. From this follows a radius of the noble gas ion whose charge is resp. Z-2: Li...F, Z-10: Na...Cl, Z-18: K...Mn. Divide this charge by the computed radius to obtain the potential at the ion surface. The square root of this energy/unit of charge is approximately proportional to Pauling's or Allred-Rochow's electronegativity. Adjust the proportionality constant such that EN(F) = 4.1. Note, that NO empirical data have been used! It is probably the only EN scale with a completely nonempirical base.Markus Hehlen has coded this program in January 1989 after a pen and paper study of E.Schumacher (1961) and diploma thesis of W. Heinzelmann (with ES), University Zürich, 1963. E. Schumacher, University of Bern, CH-3000 Bern 9 Here are three scans from the pen and paper study (1961!):    |