| Chemical Bond: Concepts | Scope | comment | may be used by | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kekulé - Couper - Butlerow van't Hoff - Le Bel, A. Werner 1900 |
 |
topographical 2D -> 3D | chemists atoms kind of LEGO for molecules mechanical rules |
Kindergarten and "in limbo" |
| G.N. Lewis 1916 |  |
structural not computable bonding model |
chemists atoms! still in successful use: symbolic language of organic chemistry, powerful, everyday tool! contains heaps of information, some borrowed from physics, e.g. NMR, IR, X-ray, and theory (VB, LCAO-MO, HMO) |
12 - 15 y up to researcher "innocents" |
| G.E. Kimball 1952 |  |
structure, properties computable ground states |
chemists atoms [quantitative Lewis dots and dashes, not for qualitative use!] borrowing from physicists atoms. was too early, now is too late in history |
18 - 22 y ignored in good society "heretics, heathens" |
| Pauling - Slater 1930, 1950 Hund - Mulliken - Hückel 1928, 1934 R. Hoffmann 1963 |
VB LCAO - MO, σ/π Energy levels |
structure, properties computable ground and excited states |
physicists atoms [rough approximations, but in current literature often mistaken as true!] borrowing from chemists atoms |
practical chemist researcher "common sinners" | Pople - Kohn 1964 ff | ĤΨ = EΨ | first principles HF, MP, CI .., DFT -> "chemical, spectroscopic accuracy" |
physicists atoms, properly treated. "chemical concepts vanish into thin air" (Mulliken) |
old age when poor, rich researcher "seekers" |
| H. Primas (1981) with his Herold (1984) | TRUTH | everything | "chemistry not reduceable to physics". but, languages are ± translateable, both sciences learn from each other |
GOD: "misera nos, domine!" |